What
Story Does Your Name Tell?
Some years ago, I decided to get my father a
really special present. I had some research completed on the Weston family
tree. Dad was into that kind of thing, and, because we had pretty accurate
records of a number of generations of our family – on both sides – going back a
few hundred years (Due to military service, etc), I thought it would be
something he might enjoy.
Sure enough, after several months, a great
result came back. My family had a rich and varied history. Our ancestors were
noteworthy on both sides. My father’s mother – Jayne Lister – was a Great,
Great Granddaughter of Baron Joseph Lister, a British surgeon and pioneer of
antiseptic surgery. (Listerine mouthwash is named after him) And the Weston
family name runs back to before the Doomsday book – the great survey initiated
by William the Conqueror – in 1066. It was quite interesting to discover we had
a hereditary title at one time, a family crest, and were descendants of Henry
De-la-Westuna of France.
Needless to say, my father was delighted with
the findings, and especially with the documents and seals that came with the
research. (Plus a copy of our family crest – a rather fine example of argent
lion rampant on sable background, with motto – Honor without Fear).
I always wanted to look deeper. But the cost
involved was phenomenal and further research would take a great deal of time.
Imagine my interest this past week then, when I
discovered that scientists have developed a GPS tool that can tell you where
your ancestors lived, not just hundreds, but thousands of years ago. The
article – within Nature Communications – states that researchers have
discovered an algorithm which accurately pinpoints your geographic origin using
samples of your genetic data. The findings can be so precise, that the results
can narrowing it down to the country, or, in some cases, even the area within a
country.
Knowing my family originated from France about
a thousand years ago has often made me wonder how far back I could take it. Not
in the biblical sense, but in an entirely familial setting. I’d love to know.
Wouldn’t you with your family?
You see, using DNA to pinpoint where modern
individuals originated has been somewhat limited up until now. Current biogeographically
generated algorithms have a variance of up to 700 kilometers in Europe, and even
worse, elsewhere.
To develop a more precise test for genetic
ancestry, a team led by Eran Elhaik from the University
of Sheffield, UK, created the Geographical Population Structure algorithm.
(Get it? GPS.)
It relies on genetic admixture, (the process
that takes place when people from different populations marry and have
children, creating new gene pools that represent a mixture of the founder pools).
This happened more than you realize in history. Conquerors settled where they
won their victories, started raising families, etc. Well, the resultant blend
of traits can be used to gauge the distance from the original home.
A quote by Elhaik stated, “What we have
discovered is a way to find not where you were born, as you have that information
on your passport, but where your DNA was formed up to 1,000 years ago by modeling
these admixture processes.”
Elhaik’s team developed the admixture algorithm using genetic and
geographical information from 54 participants recruited through the Genographic Project. And then
they tested their GPS tool with 600 genetic samples composed of 98 global
subpopulations. Using DNA sequences, GPS can accurately place individuals in
their country of origin 83 percent of time.
How good is that? Well when the data from 10
villages in Sardinia and 20 or so islands in Oceania was analyzed, the team was
able to trace more than 25% of the Sardinians to their home village and most of the
remaining participants within 50 kilometers of their village. For the subjects
from Oceania, they were successful at pinpointing their island of origin 90% of
the time.
This is poignant news for me. Remember, I’ve
discovered ancestors dating back a thousand years. Just imagine when we have
the technology to travel back even further...
Now THAT will be a story worth telling
Information courtesy of Nature
Communications.
